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Planning is crucial in emergency management. All elected and appointed leaders have a responsibility of ensuring that essential and suitable actions/measures are taken to safeguard people and property during an emergency (FEMA, 2010). Therefore, planning, plans, and exercises are a critical part of their responsibility in emergency prevention, response, and recovery. Emergency planning should always receive higher priorities since any disaster can occur at any time and cause any amount of damage. Moreover, planning and plans are developed for preparedness for emergencies by ensuring that the risks are identified, resources are available and allocated, as well as the numbers of damages are minimized (FEMA, 2013). The same case applies for exercises that enable authorities to determine deficiencies and challenges in current plans while providing significant experience to all incident stakeholders. Therefore, emergency plans are critical to fulfilling the obligation of safeguarding lives and property during an incident. At Broward County, through the emergency management division, the local government conducts planning as well as developing plans and exercises to mitigate, respond, and recover from disasters (Broward County, 2015). Therefore, planning requires cooperation from all stakeholders. the local government conducts planning as well as developing plans and exercises to mitigate, respond, and recover from disasters (Broward County, 2015). Therefore, planning requires cooperation from all stakeholders. the local government conducts planning as well as developing plans and exercises to mitigate, respond, and recover from disasters (Broward County, 2015). Therefore, planning requires cooperation from all stakeholders.
The Importance of Planning
Planning before, during, and after incidents is hugely import to protect lives and property. Such task is the primary responsibility of any emergency plan on national, state, or even county level. Planning provides jurisdictions under the emergency division guidance during an emergency. Plans enable different emergency departments or stakeholders to follow procedures, protocols, and authority when responding to incidents (Alexander, 2015). Following procedures is the only way to manage disasters in a professional way. On the other hand, observing protocol makes all government officers responsible for their actions, hence improving service delivery. The strategy allows local authorities to be prepared for an emergency, such that if anything occurs, they know what to do or whom to consult. Again, planning and plans help identify and assign vital resources, such as funds, personnel, and equipment, during tragedies (Alexander, 2015). All these resources must be readily available whenever needed to guarantee safety of the victims in case of an emergency. Apart from that, planning allows the local jurisdiction to identify risks and challenges in emergencies. Besides, emergency plans encourage safety awareness and illustrate the government's commitment to the protection of people and property. Lastly, the exercises are also crucial in preparing emergency personnel and other stakeholders in responding to disasters (Alexander, 2015). Moreover, they provide experiences that may help recognize insufficiencies in current emergency plans. All these resources must be readily available whenever needed to guarantee safety of the victims in case of an emergency. Apart from that, planning allows the local jurisdiction to identify risks and challenges in emergencies. Besides, emergency plans encourage safety awareness and illustrate the government's commitment to the protection of people and property. Lastly, the exercises are also crucial in preparing emergency personnel and other stakeholders in responding to disasters (Alexander, 2015). Moreover, they provide experiences that may help recognize insufficiencies in current emergency plans. All these resources must be readily available whenever needed to guarantee safety of the victims in case of an emergency. Apart from that, planning allows the local jurisdiction to identify risks and challenges in emergencies. Besides, emergency plans encourage safety awareness and illustrate the government's commitment to the protection of people and property. Lastly, the exercises are also crucial in preparing emergency personnel and other stakeholders in responding to disasters (Alexander, 2015). Moreover, they provide experiences that may help recognize insufficiencies in current emergency plans. emergency plans encourage safety awareness and illustrate the government's commitment to the protection of people and property. Lastly, the exercises are also crucial in preparing emergency personnel and other stakeholders in responding to disasters (Alexander, 2015). Moreover, they provide experiences that may help recognize insufficiencies in current emergency plans. emergency plans encourage safety awareness and illustrate the government's commitment to the protection of people and property. Lastly, the exercises are also crucial in preparing emergency personnel and other stakeholders in responding to disasters (Alexander, 2015). Moreover, they provide experiences that may help recognize insufficiencies in current emergency plans.
The Planning Process
Planning occurs on all three levels of government from federal, state, to local jurisdictions. The process of planning takes place under three categories, including strategic, operational, and tactical planning (FEMA, 2010). Strategic planning identifies overall guidance and policy issues. Operational planning defines responsibilities, roles, jobs, integration, and activities, while tactical planning describes workforces, equipment, and resources. The basic principles behind planning require the participation of all stakeholders as well as the consideration of the needs of the whole population (FEMA, 2010). Therefore, good planning should bring on board the entire community comprising of government, residents, and relevant organizations. Again, plans developed by each level of government must be integrated with the national direction and accord standards on emergency management (FEMA, 2010). The approach ensures efficient planning and implementation throughout the country. The plans include the necessary exercises needed to train personnel on the emergency response (FEMA, 2013). Therefore, the plans should follow the continuity plans for all departments and agencies.
Broward County Planning and Exercise Coordination Mandate
Broward County government bears the responsibility of planning for disasters through the emergency management office. The emergency management director is charged with this responsibility and fulfills this task through the help of different Emergency Operations Centers (EOCs) in various municipalities (Broward County, 2015). The EOC at Plantation Florida does the planning and writes the plans in the local jurisdiction (FEMA, 2010). However, Broward County has a central EOC where local municipal EOCs engage with that of the country under the County Municipal Services Branch (Broward County, 2015). Additionally, the emergency coordinating council also oversees the planning of the county disaster management. The council comprises all major stakeholders, including each municipal, school board, sheriff, transportation, power, Red Cross, hospital districts, and the emergency management director (Broward County, 2015). The council provides important recommendations and approvals needed by EOCs in planning. According to FEMA (2010), planning should always involve top-level officials to provide approvals, timelines, levels of detail, and planning horizons among others. The Broward Country EOC does most of the planning for the whole county, especially in strategic and operational plans, while municipal EOC do the tactical planning. Exercises are also developed in line with emergency plans but tend to be developed by individual departments under the Emergency Support Functions (ESF) (Broward County, 2015). For instance, the Broward Fire Department can establish and conduct its drills and exercises. In this way,
Reasons for Planning and Exercises
Planning is conducted at Broward Country mainly to develop situational awareness into risky events and their impacts. Therefore, planning aims to mitigate the risks of natural or fabricated disasters and their aftermath. Through planning, the county EOC can identify risks that may threaten the people and property of Broward (Broward County, 2015). Planning can cover people and properties with higher risks of being affected by incidences. The strategy enables the county to reduce harms from possible or current disasters as much as possible. Planning is also vital to provide guidelines to all emergency stakeholders on roles, actions, and resource management during incidences. The plans are also written to gather information on the availability of resources needed for disaster response and recovery (Broward County, 2015). overall,
The exercises are important in emergency management. Through individual organizations and branches under the ESF, they are developed and conducted individually or through coordination. The ESF has numerous sections, including transportation and healthcare organizations, that can design and execute emergency training and exercises in the county (Broward County, 2015). However, in individual municipalities, the EOC develops and undertakes emergency drills for personnel, response teams, and volunteers. In this way, the exercises provide invalid experiences and help prepare staff, volunteers, and residents for real incidences. Moreover, they enhance plans by denying inefficiencies in current plans.
conclusion
All in all, planning is a critical role in the reduction of natural and artificial risks that threaten the life and property of people. Emergency planners should work to assess the risks, stakeholders, resources needed, response actions, and recovery efforts that can reduce the impact of a disaster. Planning provides the guidelines for responding to emergencies as well as ways of preventing and recovering from such situations. Disaster plans develop policies, responsibilities, actions, and resources to reduce the effects of a disaster. Such plans cannot work effectively without exercises that help train emergency personnel on how to respond to disasters. The Broward EOC writes down strategic, operational, and tactical plans. Moreover, it develops exercises that are coordinated under different support functions and organizations
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